Musto were the first to introduce the 3 layer system in the sailing market and it still remains the most effective way to dress when you face any cold, wet and windy outdoor activity.

The 3 Layer System is based on a simple principle - water transmits heat thirty times faster than air. So wet skin gets cold thirty times quicker than dry skin.

To keep warm in the worst conditions, first of all you must stay dry. To do this your clothing must transport body moisture away from the skin, hold dry warm air close to the body & keep rain and snow out. Here’s how it all works.

The Base Layer - wick moisture away from the body allowing you to remain dry and warm.

This layer is worn next to your skin and must transfer (wick) sweat away from your body as fast as possible. Polyester and Merino fabrics are best for this. Beware of cotton clothing which can absorb 30+% more than its weight in water and transfers heat away from your body thirty times quicker than dry air. Musto’s Thermals absorb less than 0.5% of their weight in water.

The Middle Layer - provide thermal protection from the wind and the cold.

The main job for the mid-layer is to hold warm dry, insulating air inside the clothing system and close to the body. It also continues the transmission of water vapour through the clothing system as started by the base layer. Ideally this layer will be windproof and breathable. Musto’s fleece garments made from high loft fabrics are great for this job and are available in different weights.

The Outer Layer - protect against rain and wind, but allowing you to breath.

The third layer is completely waterproof to the outside elements. It must also stop the wind whipping away the precious warm, dry air that is held inside. But the third layer must also deal with the moisture that is transmitted outwards by the inner two layers. This is where breathable waterproof fabrics come in. They continue the transmission of the water vapour through the outer layer all the way to the outside environment. Musto have worked with the best technicians in the world to provide the most durable and breathable options on the market.

Extremities

One final but easily forgotten point – heads, hands and feet. It’s easy to forget about hats, gloves and an extra warm pair of socks. Up to 40% of the bodies heat can be lost through the extremities.